Elena Polonskaya (1902-1992) is actually an interesting girl: she are a recognized astronomer just who shed their work in the Communist regimen, are implicated of espionage due to the girl missionary points, put into jail for a few months, however, after re-instated as university professor. Last but most certainly not least, she became an effective nun from the Russian-Orthodox Church and you will taught bible degree or any other theological subjects. She’s got an enthusiastic asteroid entitled immediately following the lady, but she will not yet , enjoys an effective Wikipedia article within the English. Here is the woman biography.
Elena Ivanovna Polonskaya was born toward 21 November 1902 inside the Selets, in the Volyn province in the current Ukraine so you’re able to mothers about Russian nobility. She learnt astronomy in the Professors out-of Mathematics and you will Absolute Sciences within Lviv College. Within the 1923, she took part in the first fulfilling of one’s Russian Christian Scholar Direction into the Czechia. From 1926 so you can 1928 she is a dynamic person in that it course as well as commander getting Poland and you may Belarus. She acted because the publisher of your own spiritual governmental record “Within Borderline”. She participated in apologetic summer programmes inside the Paris created from the Archpriest Sergei Bulgakov, her spiritual father.
In fact, except for a period into the Naples to 1596 and you will a trip in order to The country of spain from inside the 1597, Clavius was to continue to be Professor from Math at Collegio Romano for the remainder of his lives
Inside the 1932, she turned into secretary in the Astronomical Observatory into the Warsaw. During the 1934, she defended her Ph.D. thesis „Towards planetocentric actions from comets“ for the Warsaw. In 1936, she married Leon Kazimierczak, a keen ichtyologist at Warsaw University, as well as in ed after Sergei Bulgakov) came into this world. During World war ii, she worked as the Elderly Researcher during the Institution off Astronomy when you look at the Lviv and you may moved to Warsaw inside the 1944. In the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, she turned into p near Vienna because the combat prisoner. In the 1945, she made a highly ambitious and extremely important decision on her later life: Because the an enthusiastic Orthodox, she chose to go back to Russia, though totalitarian Soviet Connection at the time. She first lived in Cherson (in the modern Ukraine) where this lady boy passed away off meningitis for the July 1948. She never spotted their spouse once again, since the he had been banned to enter the new USSR.
Christopher Clavius, S.J. (twenty-five March 1538 – 06 Feb 1612) is a good German Jesuit noted datingranking.net/tr/zoosk-inceleme for his reform of the diary, and you may a good mathematician and you will skilled teacher. The guy registered brand new recently founded Jesuit order inside 1555 and you may try delivered to Coimbra, A holiday in greece, to pursue their studies. After that eclipse observation, the guy went to Italy afterwards in 1560 and you will learnt theology on the fresh new Jesuit Collegio Romano from inside the Rome. He had been ordained into the 1564. He stayed at the Collegio Romano were the guy first started exercises mathematics around off his ordination. He went on together with his training for the Theology and you may became a complete member of the latest Jesuit Buy when you look at the 1575.
To the 21 August 1560, the guy observed a sunlight eclipse, a conference and therefore sure your so you’re able to place in his life so you’re able to mathematical and you will substantial studies
during the 1579, he was decided to go with because representative by the Pope Gregory XIII towards commission so you can supervise the fresh reform of the schedule. The old Julian Schedule was actually based because of the an edict out-of Julius Caesar when you look at the forty five BC. Due to the fact system out of Julian ages and plunge many years didn’t coincide exactly with the amount of the latest astronomical 12 months, times out-of crucial Christian feasts have away from positioning that have the seasons. This payment observed the brand new ideas for calendar reform out-of Aloysius Lillius, with many changes, and also in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII promulgated the fresh schedule. Catholic countries rapidly followed new “Gregorian calendar,” however, Protestant and you will Eastern Orthodox regions simply slower adopted. For the 1588, it turned their role to explain and you can safeguard new diary reform, and then he did very inside Novi calendarii romani apologia and after that works to stop arguments coming from Protestants, as well as of astronomers and mathematicians.
Galileo Galilei is regularly Clavius’s guides, and then he decided to go to Clavius while in the his first visit to Rome during the 1587. After that they corresponded periodically throughout the analytical issues, and you will Clavius delivered Galileo copies off their books because they searched. Clavius are and you may remained a great defender of your own geocentric system although he was pleased by Galilei’s telescopic breakthroughs as he composed in 1611, per year prior to his demise.
Their true and you will lasting determine is new use out of strict analytical curricula during the Jesuit colleges, immediately if dependence on math from inside the natural technology (following titled “pure opinions”) are generally underappreciated. He authored widely used books and swayed future generations out of astronomers and you may mathematicians.